TOEFL iBT Explained: Sections and Score Tips
Knowing exactly how the TOEFL iBT works removes surprises on test day and helps you focus your preparation. The test changed in January 2026, so make sure your information is current.
The four sections
Reading: academic texts with questions on main ideas, details and vocabulary; now adaptive.
Listening: lectures and conversations from university life; also adaptive.
Writing: typed tasks, including responding in an academic discussion.
Speaking: recorded answers to tasks, delivered through a microphone.
How scoring works now
Since 21 January 2026, scores are reported on a 1–6 scale in half-band steps, aligned with CEFR.
For a two-year transition, reports also show a comparable score on the old 0–120 scale.
Check whether your university states its requirement on the old or new scale.
Tips for each section
Reading: read for structure, then details; don't get stuck on one question.
Listening: take organised notes on main points and examples.
Writing: practise typing, plan before writing, and support your points with examples.
Speaking: use a simple structure: answer, reason, example.
Before test day
Take at least one full practice test with current materials.
Check the technical requirements if you're testing at home.
Plan your test date with time for a retake if needed.
See our TOEFL preparation course, our TOEFL guide for university admission and how to improve TOEFL Reading.
Frequently asked questions
How long is the TOEFL iBT now?
It became shorter in 2026; check ETS for the current timing when you register.
What is a good TOEFL score?
It depends on your university; many state their requirement on the 0–120 scale during the transition.
Can I take the TOEFL iBT at home?
Yes, with the Home Edition, if your university accepts it.
Comments